UPSTREAM: 68008: apiserver: forward panic in WithTimeout filter

[sttts]

Cherry pick of kubernetes/kubernetes#68001 on release-3.11.

[openshift-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

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[openshift-ci-robot]

@sttts: The following test failed, say /retest to rerun them all:

Test name	Commit	Details	Rerun command
ci/prow/gcp	dad8b4b	link	/test gcp

Full PR test history. Your PR dashboard. Please help us cut down on flakes by linking to an open issue when you hit one in your PR.

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[deads2k]

@sttts why did this one close?

[sttts]

Superseeded by #20848.