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NFS server edits:
* remove most (not all) passive voice * remove punctuation on bullet points except those under "Case studies" which are a command parameters with a qualifying sentence. * some minor wording changes for better understanding (for instance "conserved" becomes "preserves") * added Serge to contributors
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docs/guides/file_sharing/nfsserver.md

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@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@ contributors: Steven Spencer
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NFS is a client/server protocol: the server provides file system resources for all or part of the network (clients).
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The communication between clients and server takes place via **R**emote **P**rocedure **C**all (**RPC**) services.
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The communication between clients and server takes place by way of **R**emote **P**rocedure **C**all (**RPC**) services.
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Remote files are mounted in a directory and appear as a local file system. Client users seamlessly access files shared by the server, browsing directories as if they were local.
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## Installation
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2 services are required for NFS to function:
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NFS requires two services to function:
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* The `network` service (of course);
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* The `rpcbind` service.
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Service status can be viewed using the commands:
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View the status of the services with the command:
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```
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systemctl status rpcbind
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sudo dnf install nfs-utils
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```
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The `nfs-utils` package requires several dependencies, including `rpcbind`, to be installed.
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The `nfs-utils` package requires the installation of several dependencies, including `rpcbind`.
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The NFS service can be started:
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Start the NFS service with:
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```
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sudo systemctl enable --now nfs-server rpcbind
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* `nobody`: used for anonymous connections;
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* `rpcuser`: for RPC protocol operation.
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The firewall have to be configured:
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Configuring the firewall is necessary:
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```
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sudo firewall-cmd --add-service={nfs,nfs3,mountd,rpc-bind} --permanent
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### The `/etc/exports` file
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Resource shares are set up in the `/etc/exports` file. Each line in this file corresponds to an NFS share.
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Set up resource shares with the `/etc/exports` file. Each line in this file corresponds to an NFS share.
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```
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/share_name client1(permissions) client2(permissions)
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* **clients**: Clients authorized to access resources;
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* **(permissions)**: Permissions on resources.
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Machines authorized to access resources can be declared by:
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Declare machines authorized to access resources with:
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* **IP address**: `192.168.1.2`
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* **Network address**: `192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0` or CIDR format `192.168.1.0/24`
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* **FQDN**: client_*.rockylinux.org: allows FQDNs starting with client_ from the rockylinux.org domain;
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* `*` for everybody.
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Multiple clients can be specified on the same line, separated by a space.
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Specification of multiple clients is possible on the same line separated by a space.
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### Permissions on resources
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If no right is specified, then the right applied will be read-only.
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By default, client user UIDs and GIDs are conserved (except for `root`).
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By default, the NFS server preserves the client user UIDs and GIDs (except for `root`).
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To force the use of a UID or GID other than that of the user writing the resource, specify the `anonuid=UID` and `anongid=GID` options, or give `anonymous` access to the data with the `all squash` option.
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!!! warning "warning"
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There is a parameter, `no_root_squash`, which identifies the client root user as the server root user. This parameter can be dangerous from a system security point of view.
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By default, the `root_squash` parameter is activated (even if not specified), identifying `root` as an `anonymous` user.
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Activation of the `root_squash` parameter is a default (even if not specified), identifying `root` as an `anonymous` user.
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### Case studies
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### The `showmount` command
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The `showmount` command is used to monitor clients.
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Use the `showmount` command to monitor clients.
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```
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showmount [-a] [-e] [host]
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$ mount –t nfs 172.16.1.10:/share /mnt/nfs
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```
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Mounting can also be automated at system startup in the `/etc/fstab` file:
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Automation of the mount can happen at system startup the `/etc/fstab` file:
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```
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$ sudo vim /etc/fstab

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