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@@ -13,17 +13,17 @@ Rocky Linux 10 (RL 10) is the latest major release of Rocky Linux's enterprise o
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### Upgrading to Rocky Linux 10
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Rocky Linux does not support upgrades to any major release. To move from 8.x or 9.x to Rocky Linux 10, a fresh install of the operating system is recommended.
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Rocky Linux does not support upgrades to any major release. To move from 8.x or 9.x to Rocky Linux 10, you should perform a fresh install of the operating system.
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### New Features and Changes
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The following sections describe selected features of RL 10.
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As with all major Rocky Linux releases, this release note covers numerous enhancements, changes, and new features.
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The overview that follows highlights changes in the following categories: Architecture, Kernel, Installer, Networking, Security, Virtualization, Containers, Storage, and Package Management. The features highlighted in this release note have been chosen based on their likely relevance to a general audience.
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The overview that follows highlights changes in the following categories: Architecture, Kernel, Installer, Networking, Security, Virtualization, Containers, Storage, and Package Management. Chosen here are the features most likely to have relevance to a general audience.
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For a complete list of major changes, please see the upstream listing [here](https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/red_hat_enterprise_linux/10/html/10.0_release_notes/overview#overview-major-changes).
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For a complete list of major changes, see the upstream listing [here](https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/red_hat_enterprise_linux/10/html/10.0_release_notes/overview#overview-major-changes).
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### Supported Architectures
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* IBM POWER9, little endian (ppc64le)
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* IBM z14 (s390x)
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#### Brand New support for RISC-V Architecture
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#### Brand New Support for RISC-V Architecture
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The Rocky Linux release Engineering team worked long and hard to bring Rocky Linux 10 to certain RISC-V implementations.
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Platforms/subsystems supported on release day include - StarFive VisionFive 2 (VF2), **QEMU**, and SiFive HiFive Premier P550.
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### Installation and Image Creation
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The interactive graphical interface for the RL installer, Anaconda, has been updated in several ways for RL 10.
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Anaconda, the interactive graphical interface for the Rocky Linux installer, has a number of changes in version 10.
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Key changes include:
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*By default, the root account is disabled. System management requires creating an administrative user with full sudo privileges. If you opt to enable the root account by setting its password, then standard users can be made without administrative privileges.
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*The disabling, by default, of the root account. System management requires creating an administrative user with full sudo privileges. If you opt to enable the root account by setting its password, then you can create standard users without administrative privileges.
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* Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) replaces VNC for graphical remote access during the installation process. This change affects the related kernel boot options.
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*The time zone map under the Time & Date section of the installer has been removed.
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*Removal of the time zone map under the "Time & Date" section of the installer.
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* The graphical interface no longer supports adding third-party repositories during initial installation. Use the `inst.addrepo` boot option or Kickstart instead.
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*Documentation that had been available at the time of installation is removed.
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*Removal of documentation that had been available at the time of installation.
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### Kernel
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The default out-of-box Kernel for RL 10 has been updated to version 6.12.0.
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Some kernel features are now disabled due to being unmaintained, insecure, or deprecated.
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The `rh_waived` kernel command-line argument can enable these features if required. The CFS scheduler has been replaced with the Earliest Eligible Virtual Deadline First (EEVDF) scheduler, which prioritizes latency-sensitive tasks with shorter time slices to improve responsiveness.
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The `rh_waived` kernel command-line argument can enable these features if required. Earliest Eligible Virtual Deadline First (EEVDF), which prioritizes latency-sensitive tasks with shorter time slices to improve responsiveness, replace the CFS scheduler.
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### Networking
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#### DHCP Client and Server
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The DHCP client in RL 10 is implemented as an internal subsystem of NetworkManager. The legacy dhcp-client package is no longer supported upstream and has been removed.
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Implementation of the DHCP client in RL 10 is through an internal subsystem of NetworkManager. The legacy dhcp-client package is removed and is no-longer supported upstream.
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The ISC DHCP server is end-of-life upstream and is replaced by its successor, Kea DHCP, in RL 10.
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Kea DHCP replaces the end-of-life ISC DHCP server in RL 10.
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#### Network Bonding and Teaming
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Previous versions of Rocky Linux deprecated the NIC teaming feature. It is removed entirely in Rocky Linux 10. As a replacement, configure a bond instead of a network team.
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Previous versions of Rocky Linux deprecated the NIC teaming feature. In RL 10, this is now removed entirely. As a replacement, configure a bond instead of a network team.
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### Storage
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In addition to the following changes, several storage-related device drivers have been added, updated, and removed from RL 10.
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In addition to the following changes, several storage-related device drivers are added, updated, or removed from RL 10.
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#### Global File System 2 (GFS2)
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Support for the GFS2 file system has been discontinued with RL 10.
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RL 10 no-longer supports the GFS2 file system.
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#### Device Mapper Multipath
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### Security Features
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Numerous new security-related features are included with Rocky Linux 10.
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With RL 10, comes the inclusion of numerous new security-related features.
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Some of the updates include:
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* System-wide cryptographic policies (crypto-policies): OpenSSL and OpenSSH now work with post-quantum algorithms.
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* Sequoia PGP: A memory-free implementation of OpenPGP is used now.
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* OpenSSH: Stricter SSH host key permissions are restored (New Permissions = 0600 Vs Old permissions = 0640).
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* Sequoia PGP: A memory-free implementation of OpenPGP.
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* OpenSSH: The restoration of stricter SSH host key permissions. (New Permissions = 0600 Vs Old permissions = 0640).
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* GnuTLS: Client and server certificates are now compressed
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* yescrypt algorithm: The password algorithm for the default user is changed.
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New SELinux changes include the following updates:
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* File context equivalency is inverted to /var/run = /run.
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*New libvirt service types are added to the SELinux policy.
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*The addition of new libvirt service types to the SELinux policy.
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### Virtualization
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Virtualization sees key changes:
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* The monolithic libvirtd daemon is deprecated; the modular daemons and sockets should be used as replacements. Please see detailed documentation about the differences in the [upstream documentation](https://libvirt.org/daemons.html#monolithic-vs-modular-daemons)
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* The monolithic libvirtd daemon is deprecated. Use the modular daemons and sockets as replacements. Please see detailed documentation about the differences in the [upstream documentation](https://libvirt.org/daemons.html#monolithic-vs-modular-daemons)
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* Deprecation of the i440fx virtual machine type
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* Deprecation of Virtual Machine Manager, Cockpit is the intended replacement
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Key updates include the deprecation of the slirp4netns network mode, the ability to configure retry attempts and delays for image push and pull operations, and comprehensive support for multi-architecture container images.
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Furthermore, Podman 5 continues to support Quadlets, a feature introduced in Podman 4.4, which enables managing Podman containers with systemd using declarative unit files.
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Furthermore, Podman 5 continues to support Quadlets, a feature introduced in Podman 4.4, which enables managing Podman containers with `systemd` using declarative unit files.
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### Software Management
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RPM has been updated to version 4.19, including enhancements and updates to packaging and building tools. There is a new `rpmsort` command introduced for correctly ordering RPM version strings in output pipelines. As an example:
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RPM is now version 4.19, Which includes enhancements and updates to packaging and building tools. There is a new `rpmsort` command introduced for correctly ordering RPM version strings in output pipelines. As an example:
By default, DNF now omits downloading repository filelist metadata, enhancing responsiveness and conserving disk space. DNF commands that need this metadata will generally download it automatically.
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#### Modularity
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DNF modularity is deprecated, and Rocky Linux does not intend to provide AppStream content as modules in RL 10. However, in the future, additional application versions may be provided as RPM packages, software collections, or Flatpaks.
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DNF modularity is deprecated, and Rocky Linux does not intend to provide AppStream content as modules in RL 10. In the future, RL 10 might provide additional application versions as RPM packages, software collections, or Flatpaks.
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### Desktop Environment
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| GNOME Terminal | ptyxis terminal |
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| PulseAudio daemon (but not the client interfaces) | Pipewire (has already been the default in RL 9) |
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Several graphical desktop applications are no longer included in the Rocky Linux 10 distribution. In most cases, these applications can be obtained from upstream sources or are available as Flatpaks on Flathub.
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Several graphical desktop applications are no longer included in the Rocky Linux 10 distribution. In most cases, you can obtain these applications from upstream sources or as Flatpaks on Flathub.
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#### Removed Applications
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| Inkscape Vector Graphics Editor | There is no vector graphics editor included in RL 10, but you can find a Flatpak on Flathub. |
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| Totem (GNOME Videos) media player | There is no default desktop media player shipped in RL 10. The web browser can still play web-based media. Alternatively, you can choose a different media player from third-party repositories or as a Flatpak from Flathub. |
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TigerVNC is removed from RL 10. For VNC client functionality, use the Connections application. No VNC server is provided
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gnome-remote-desktop, using RDP, replaces TigerVNC for desktop sharing, remote login, and headless sessions. This is built into GNOME and can be configured in the Settings application.
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TigerVNC is removed from RL 10. For VNC client functionality, use the Connections application. There is no VNC server provided.
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gnome-remote-desktop, using RDP, replaces TigerVNC for desktop sharing, remote login, and headless sessions. This is built into GNOME and you can configure it in the Settings application.
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The Motif X11 desktop environment and toolkit are also removed from RL 10.
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### Infrastructure Services
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Some of the services and packages that are replaced or removed in RL 10 include the following infrastructure services.
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Replacement or removal of some of the services and packages in RL 10 include the following infrastructure services.
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| Removed | Replacement |
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| :---- | :---- |
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### Dynamic Programming Languages
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Several popular programming languages have been updated to their most recent versions.
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There are updates to recent versions of several popular programming languages:
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- Python 3.12
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- Ruby 3.3
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- Node.js 22.13
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- Perl 5.40
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- PHP 8.3
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* Python 3.12
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* Ruby 3.3
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* Node.js 22.13
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* Perl 5.40
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* PHP 8.3
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### Web Servers and Database Servers
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A number of popular server daemons have also been updated to more recent versions.
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There are updates to many popular server daemons to more recent versions:
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#### Web servers
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- Apache HTTP Server 2.4.63
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- nginx 1.26
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* Apache HTTP Server 2.4.63
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* nginx 1.26
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#### Proxy caching servers
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- Varnish Cache 7.6
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- Squid 6.10
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* Varnish Cache 7.6
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* Squid 6.10
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#### Database servers
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- MariaDB 10.11
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- MySQL 8.4
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- PostgreSQL 16.8
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- Valkey 8.0
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* MariaDB 10.11
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* MySQL 8.4
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* PostgreSQL 16.8
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* Valkey 8.0
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### RL Web Console (Cockpit)
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Cockpit is a web-based interface for managing and monitoring your local system. A graphical file manager and text editor are now available in the web console if you install the `cockpit-files` RPM package.
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The host switcher, which enabled multiple systems to be managed simultaneously, is deprecated and disabled by default due to security reasons.
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The host switcher, which enabled the simultaneous management of multiple systems, is deprecated and disabled by default due to security reasons.
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Cockpit now supports configuring Stratis file-system size limits.
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### Grey screen after bootup of installation media
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In specific hardware configurations, such as virtualized environments with 3D graphics enabled, you may experience Anaconda hanging before the setup wizard is displayed. This issue should be resolvable by switching away from tty6 to another tty and then back to tty6. For example, switch to tty1 and back to tty6 with: ++ctrl+alt+f1++ and then ++ctrl+alt+f6++.
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In specific hardware configurations, such as virtualized environments with 3D graphics enabled, you may experience Anaconda hanging before the setup wizard is displayed. This issue should be resolvable by switching away from tty6 to another tty and then back to tty6. For example, switch to tty1 and back to tty6 with: ++ctrl+alt+f1++ and then ++ctrl+alt+f6++.
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